Medical Ultrasound Imaging
Monday, 29 April 2024
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From Siemens Medical Systems;The new gold standard in echocardiography is defined by Native Tissue Harmonic Imaging (NTHI) and DELTA Differential Echo Amplification−two powerful technologies that were first introduced on Acuson's Sequoia™ echocardiography system. Now they have migrated to the Aspen™ Advanced system. Specifications for this system will be available soon. •
Targeted ultrasound contrast agents provide advantages compared with usual microbubble blood pool agents. The goal of targeted ultrasound contrast agents is to significantly and selectively enhance the detection of a targeted vascular site. Tissue-specific ultrasound contrast agents improve the image contrast resolution through differential uptake. Targeted drug delivery via contrast microbubbles is another contrast media concept and provides the potential for earlier detection and characterization of disease. Targeted contrast imaging provides a higher sensitivity and specificity than obtained with a nontargeted contrast agent. The detection of disease-indicative molecular signatures may allow early assessment of pathology on a molecular level. Molecular imaging should be an efficient and less invasive technique to obtain three-dimensional localization of pathology. Ultrasound agents typically remain within the vascular space, and therefore possible targets include molecular markers on thrombus, endothelial cells, and leukocytes. Targeted contrast agents permit noninvasive detection of thrombus, cancer, inflammation, or other sites where specific integrins or other adhesion molecules are expressed. Adhesion molecules such as monoclonal antibodies, peptides, asialoglycoproteins, or polysaccharides are incorporated into the shell of the microbubble or liposome. After injection into the bloodstream, the targeted agent accumulates via adhesion receptors at the affected site, enhancing detection with an ultrasound system. See also Acoustically Active Lipospheres, and Tissue-Specific Ultrasound Contrast Agent.  Further Reading: News & More:
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Tissue-specific ultrasound contrast agents improve the image contrast resolution through differential uptake. The concentration of microbubble contrast agents within the vasculature, reticulo-endothelial, or lymphatic systems produces an effective passive targeting of these areas. Other contrast media concepts include targeted drug delivery via contrast microbubbles. Tissue-specific ultrasound contrast agents are injected intravenously and taken up by specific tissues or they adhere to specific targets such as venous thrombosis. These effects may require minutes to several hours to reach maximum effectiveness. By enhancing the acoustic differences between normal and diseased tissues, these tissue-specific agents improve the detectability of abnormalities. Some microbubbles accumulate in normal hepatic tissue; some are phagocytosed by Kupffer cells in the reticuloendothelial system and others may stay in the sinusoids. Liver tumors without normal Kupffer cells can be identified by the lack of the typical mosaic color pattern of the induced acoustic emission. The hepatic parenchymal phase, which may last from less than an hour to several days, depending on the specific contrast medium used, may be imaged by bubble-specific modes such as stimulated acoustic emission (color Doppler using high MI) or pulse inversion imaging. Further Reading: News & More:
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