Medical Ultrasound Imaging
Tuesday, 21 May 2024
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Harmonic imaging relies on detection of harmonics of the transmitted
frequency produced by bubble oscillation. This method is widely available on ultrasound scanners and uses the same array transducers as conventional imaging. A major limitation of the use of ultrasound contrast agents is the problem that signals from the microbubbles are mixed with those from tissue. Echoes from solid tissue and red blood cells are suppressed by harmonic imaging. In harmonic mode, the system transmits at one frequency, but is tuned to receive echoes preferentially at double that frequency, and the second harmonic echoes from the place of the bubble. Typically, the transmit frequency lies between 1.5 and 3 MHz and the receive frequency is selected by means of a bandpass filter whose center frequency lies between 3 and 6 MHz. Color Doppler and real-time harmonic spectral Doppler modes have also been implemented and show a level of tissue motion suppression not available in conventional modes. See also Harmonic B-Mode Imaging, and Harmonic Power Doppler.  Further Reading: Basics:
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Interventional ultrasound, also known as ultrasonography, encompasses a range of invasive or surgical procedures guided by ultrasound imaging. While its widest application lies in intravascular ultrasound imaging for measuring atherosclerotic plaque, it has proven valuable in various medical fields. In urology, ultrasound-guided interventions are employed for treatments like high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) in prostate conditions. The precise imaging provided by ultrasound aids in targeting the affected area and delivering therapeutic energy effectively. In intraabdominal conditions, endoscopic ultrasound is frequently utilized. This technique combines ultrasound imaging with an endoscope to visualize and evaluate structures within the gastrointestinal tract, allowing for precise diagnoses and targeted interventions. Ultrasound-guided procedures play a significant role in several medical specialties, including liver sonography, obstetric and gynecologic ultrasound, and thyroid ultrasound. These procedures involve interventions such as RF thermal ablation or biopsies, which are guided by real-time ultrasound imaging. For instance, in liver sonography, ultrasound guidance is crucial for performing biopsies or RF thermal ablation, a technique used to treat liver tumors by delivering localized heat to destroy the abnormal tissue. The real-time imaging allows for precise needle placement and monitoring during the procedure. In obstetric and gynecologic ultrasound, ultrasound-guided procedures, such as biopsies, can be performed to obtain tissue samples for diagnostic purposes. Additionally, ultrasound guidance is valuable during interventions like amniocentesis or fetal blood sampling, enabling accurate and safe procedures. Thyroid ultrasound procedures often involve ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB), which allows for the sampling of thyroid nodules for cytological examination. The ultrasound image helps guide the needle into the targeted area, ensuring accurate sampling and minimizing potential complications. Overall, ultrasound-guided interventions provide minimally invasive and precise approaches to diagnosis and treatment. The real-time imaging capabilities of ultrasound contribute to enhanced accuracy, safety, and patient outcomes in procedures like biopsies, injections, and drainage. See also Transurethral Sonography, Endocavitary Echography, and B-Mode Acquisition and Targeting. Result Pages : | Share This Page     Look Ups |
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